Vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells control AIDS virus replication Pu...

Vaccine-induced CD8+ T cells control AIDS virus replicationPublished online 30 September 2012
Developing a vaccine for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) may be aided by a complete understanding of those rare
cases in which some HIV-infected individuals control replication of the virus. Most of these elite controllers express the histo
compatibility alleles HLA-B57 or HLA-B27. These alleles remain by far the most robust associations with low
concentrations of plasma vinus, yet the mechanism of control in these individuals is not entirely clear. Here we vaccinate
Indian rhesus macaques that express Mamu-B08, an animal model for HLA-B27-mediated elite control, with three Mamu-
B08-restricted CD8+ T-cell epitopes,
and demonstrate that these vaccinated animals control replication of the highly
pathogenic clonal simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) mac239 virus. High frequencies of CD8+ T cells against these Vif
and Nef epitopes in the blood, lymph nodes and colon were associated with viral control. Our findings indicate that narrowly
targeted vaccine-induced virus-specific CD8+ T-cell responses can control replication of the AIDS virus.
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